page 363 Three Years’ Imprisonment for Religious Belief: A Narrative of Facts by Mrs. E. P. W. Packard, front matter. Courtesy of Oskar Diethelm Library, DeWitt Wallace Institute of Psychiatry: History, Policy, & the Arts, Weill Cornell Medical College.
page 372 Courtesy of the Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library & Museum.
page 390 Modern Persecution, or Married Woman’s Liabilities, as Demonstrated by the Action of the Illinois Legislature, vol. 2 （Hartford, CT, 1874）， 204 （hereafter cited as MP2）。
page 396 Courtesy of the Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library & Museum.
page 432 MP2, 379.
page 455 From the collection of Elizabeth Hattie Leach Desjardins; used courtesy of her grandson, Michael G. Draper.
ABBREVIATIONS
AM Dr. Andrew McFarland
EP Elizabeth Packard
SO Sophia Olsen
TP Theophilus Packard
AJOI American Journal of Insanity
AMSAII Association of Medical Superintendents of American Institutions for the Insane
GD The Great Drama: or, The Millennial Harbinger by E. P. W. Packard
GT “The Great Trial of Mrs. Elizabeth P. W. Packard” by Stephen R. Moore, published in MPE （see below）
MK The Mystic Key, or The Asylum Secret Unlocked by E. P. W. Packard
MO “Mrs. Olsen’s Narrative of Her One Year’s Imprisonment, at Jacksonville Insane Asylum” by Sophia Olsen, published in PHL （see below）
MP1 Modern Persecution, or Insane Asylums Unveiled, as Demonstrated by the Report of the Investigating Committee of the Legislature of Illinois, Vol. 1, by E. P. W. Packard
MP2 Modern Persecution, or Married Woman’s Liabilities, as Demonstrated by the Action of the Illinois Legislature, Vol. 2, by E. P. W. Packard
MPE Marital Power Exemplified in Mrs. Packard’s Trial, and Self-Defence from the Charge of Insanity; or Three Years’ Imprisonment for Religious Belief, by the Arbitrary Will of a Husband, with an Appeal to the Government to so Change the Laws as to Afford Legal Protection to Married Women by E. P. W. Packard
PHL The Prisoners’ Hidden Life, or Insane Asylums Unveiled: As Demonstrated by the Report of the Investigating Committee of the Legislature of Illinois together with Mrs. Packard’s Coadjutors’ Testimony by E. P. W. Packard
TE The Exposure on Board the Atlantic & Pacific Car of Emancipation for the Slaves of Old Columbia, Engineered by the Lightning Express, or Christianity & Calvinism Compared. With an Appeal to the Government to Emancipate the Slaves of the Marriage Union by E. P. W. Packard
TPD Theophilus Packard’s diary
NOTES
BOOK EPIGRAPHS
1“There’s no more”： Holly Bourne, “Jokes about ‘Snowflakes’ Ignore the Crisis in Young Mental Health,” Guardian, September 20, 2018, https://www.theguardian.com/books/2018/sep/20/jokes-about-snowflakes-ignore-the-crisis-in-young-mental-health.
2“Confusion has seized”： Maria Weston Chapman, “The Times That Try Men’s Souls” （1840）， in History of Woman Suffrage, ed. Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Susan B. Anthony, and Matilda Joslyn Gage, vol. 1, 1848–1861, 2nd ed. （Rochester, New York: Charles Mann, 1889）， 82, https://www.gutenberg.org/files/28020/28020-h/28020-h.htm.
PROLOGUE
1“Is there no”： Rebecca Blessing, quoted in E. P. W. Packard （EP）， The Prisoners’ Hidden Life, or Insane Asylums Unveiled: As Demonstrated by the Report of the Investigating Committee of the Legislature of Illinois together with Mrs. Packard’s Coadjutors’ Testimony （Chicago, 1868）， 47 （hereafter cited as PHL）。
2“silent and almost”： EP, Marital Power Exemplified in Mrs. Packard’s Trial, and Self-Defence from the Charge of Insanity; or Three Years’ Imprisonment for Religious Belief, by the Arbitrary Will of a Husband, with an Appeal to the Government to so Change the Laws as to Afford Legal Protection to Married Women （Chicago: Clarke, 1870）， 4 （hereafter cited as MPE）。
PART ONE: BRAVE NEW WORLD
EPIGRAPHS
1“A wife once”： Chicago Jokes and Anecdotes for Railroad Travelers and Fun Lovers （Chicago: John R. Walsh, 1866）， 116.
2“Unruly women are”： Roxane Gay, “Unruly Women Are Always Witches: Outlander S1 E10,” The Butter, The Toast （blog）， April 18, 2015, https://the-toast.net/2015/04/18/unruly-women-are-always-witches-outlander-s1-e-10/.
CHAPTER 1
1“mother-boy”： EP, The Great Drama: or, The Millennial Harbinger, 4 vols. （Hartford, CT, 1878）， 1:335 （hereafter cited as GD）。
2“an all-absorbing”： EP, The Mystic Key; or, The Asylum Secret Unlocked （Hartford, CT: Case, Lockwood & Brainard Co., 1886）， 50 （hereafter cited as MK）。